{"id":33708,"date":"2024-11-20T09:38:19","date_gmt":"2024-11-20T06:38:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/web-dev.iptp.net\/?p=33708"},"modified":"2025-05-15T06:23:53","modified_gmt":"2025-05-15T03:23:53","slug":"smart-how-to-step-by-step-guide-for-the-disks-health-monitoring","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/blog\/smart-how-to-step-by-step-guide-for-the-disks-health-monitoring\/","title":{"rendered":"S.M.A.R.T. C\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u2013 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u0129a c\u1ee9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;ang v&#7853;n h&agrave;nh m&#7897;t m&aacute;y ch&#7911;, th&igrave; t&igrave;nh tr&#7841;ng s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e v&agrave; &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng l&#432;u tr&#7919; l&agrave; hai m&#7889;i quan t&acirc;m h&agrave;ng &#273;&#7847;u. H&#7887;ng h&oacute;c &#7893; &#273;&#297;a c&oacute; th&#7875; d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n th&#7901;i gian ng&#7915;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng t&#7889;n k&eacute;m, m&#7845;t d&#7919; li&#7879;u v&agrave; gi&#7843;m hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t &ndash; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t trong m&ocirc;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng m&agrave; th&#7901;i gian ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng l&agrave; y&#7871;u t&#7889; s&#7889;ng c&ograve;n. <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> (C&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; T&#7921; gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t, Ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch v&agrave; B&aacute;o c&aacute;o) l&agrave; m&#7897;t c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; ti&ecirc;n ti&#7871;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; &#273;&#7875; theo d&otilde;i ch&#7911; &#273;&#7897;ng t&igrave;nh tr&#7841;ng s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e c&#7911;a &#7893; &#273;&#297;a, cho ph&eacute;p ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n s&#7899;m c&aacute;c s&#7921; c&#7889; ti&#7873;m &#7849;n tr&#432;&#7899;c khi ch&uacute;ng tr&#7903; n&ecirc;n nghi&ecirc;m tr&#7885;ng.<\/p><p>Trong b&agrave;i vi&#7871;t n&agrave;y, ch&uacute;ng ta s&#7869; t&igrave;m hi&#7875;u c&aacute;ch tri&#7875;n khai v&agrave; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y v&agrave; tu&#7893;i th&#7885; c&#7911;a &#7893; &#273;&#297;a, b&#7845;t k&#7875; m&ocirc;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#7841;n &#273;ang s&#7917; d&#7909;ng l&agrave; g&igrave;.<\/p><h2>B&#432;&#7899;c 1: Hi&#7875;u v&#7873; gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong><\/h2><p><strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> l&agrave; m&#7897;t t&iacute;nh n&#259;ng t&#7921; gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t c&oacute; s&#7861;n tr&ecirc;n h&#7847;u h&#7871;t c&aacute;c &#7893; c&#7913;ng v&agrave; SSD hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i. N&oacute; theo d&otilde;i nhi&#7873;u thu&#7897;c t&iacute;nh li&ecirc;n quan &#273;&#7871;n hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t v&agrave; &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y c&#7911;a &#7893; &#273;&#297;a. B&#7857;ng c&aacute;ch theo d&otilde;i c&aacute;c thu&#7897;c t&iacute;nh nh&#432; s&#7889; sector b&#7883; chuy&#7875;n v&ugrave;ng, th&#7901;i gian ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng, v&agrave; nhi&#7879;t &#273;&#7897;, c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; n&agrave;y cung c&#7845;p c&#7843;nh b&aacute;o s&#7899;m cho c&aacute;c l&#7895;i &#7893; &#273;&#297;a s&#7855;p x&#7843;y ra.<br>\nTrong c&aacute;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng m&agrave; &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y c&#7911;a l&#432;u tr&#7919; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p &#273;&#7871;n t&iacute;nh s&#7861;n s&agrave;ng v&agrave; to&agrave;n v&#7865;n c&#7911;a c&aacute;c d&#7883;ch v&#7909;, vi&#7879;c gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t c&aacute;c thu&#7897;c t&iacute;nh n&agrave;y l&agrave; r&#7845;t quan tr&#7885;ng.<\/p><h2>B&#432;&#7899;c 2: C&agrave;i &#273;&#7863;t <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> tr&ecirc;n Windows<\/h2><p> N&#7871;u b&#7841;n s&#7917; d&#7909;ng Windows, c&oacute; m&#7897;t v&agrave;i c&aacute;ch &#273;&#7875; tri&#7875;n khai gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong>, t&ugrave;y thu&#7897;c v&agrave;o vi&#7879;c &#7893; &#273;&#297;a c&#7911;a b&#7841;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#7871;t n&#7889;i qua b&#7897; &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7875;n RAID ph&#7847;n c&#7913;ng\/Fake RAID (RAID on Chip) hay l&agrave; &#7893; &#273;&#297;a &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p. <\/p><h3>C&aacute;c c&#7845;u h&igrave;nh RAID<\/h3><p> <strong>MegaRAID Storage Manager (MSM)<\/strong> &#273;&#432;&#7907;c Broadcom (tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&acirc;y l&agrave; LSI) ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n, chuy&ecirc;n d&ugrave;ng &#273;&#7875; qu&#7843;n l&yacute; v&agrave; gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t c&aacute;c b&#7897; &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7875;n RAID s&#7917; d&#7909;ng chipset c&#7911;a h&#7885;. V&#7899;i c&aacute;c b&#7897; &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7875;n RAID t&#7915; c&aacute;c nh&agrave; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t kh&aacute;c, b&#7841;n c&#7847;n s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ph&#7847;n m&#7873;m ri&ecirc;ng do nh&agrave; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t &#273;&oacute; cung c&#7845;p.<\/p><p>C&#7847;n l&#432;u &yacute; r&#7857;ng 99% b&#7897; &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7875;n IPTP s&#7917; d&#7909;ng l&agrave; c&#7911;a Broadcom (LSI). Tuy nhi&ecirc;n, c&#361;ng c&oacute; c&aacute;c nh&agrave; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t kh&aacute;c nh&#432; Adaptec, s&#7917; d&#7909;ng h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ho&agrave;n to&agrave;n kh&aacute;c. H&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#7911;a ch&uacute;ng t&ocirc;i c&#361;ng c&oacute; m&#7897;t v&agrave;i thi&#7871;t b&#7883; nh&#432; v&#7853;y.<\/p><p>D&ugrave; MSM cung c&#7845;p giao di&#7879;n &#273;&#7891; h&#7885;a &#273;&#7875; gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t &#7893; &#273;&#297;a trong RAID, &#273;&#7875; ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch s&acirc;u h&#417;n, ch&uacute;ng t&ocirc;i v&#7851;n s&#7917; d&#7909;ng c&ocirc;ng c&#7909; smartctl (thu&#7897;c b&#7897; smartmontools) &#273;&#7875; ki&#7875;m tra &#7893; &#273;&#297;a &#7849;n sau b&#7897; &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7875;n. C&aacute;ch d&ugrave;ng smartctl v&#7899;i RAID nh&#432; sau:<\/p><h3>&#7892; &#273;&#297;a &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p<\/h3><p>B&#7841;n c&oacute; th&#7875; truy c&#7853;p th&ocirc;ng tin <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> b&#7857;ng smartmontools th&ocirc;ng qua d&ograve;ng l&#7879;nh. Sau khi c&agrave;i &#273;&#7863;t, ch&#7841;y l&#7879;nh sau &#273;&#7875; c&oacute; b&aacute;o c&aacute;o t&igrave;nh tr&#7841;ng &#7893; &#273;&#297;a:<br>\n<code> smartctl -A \/dev\/sda <\/code><br>\nL&#7879;nh n&agrave;y s&#7869; li&#7879;t k&ecirc; c&aacute;c thu&#7897;c t&iacute;nh <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#432; <strong>Reallocated Sector Count, Temperature<\/strong> v&agrave; <strong>Power-On Hours<\/strong>.<\/p><h3>T&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng h&oacute;a ki&#7875;m tra tr&ecirc;n Windows<\/h3><p> Ng&#432;&#7901;i d&ugrave;ng Windows c&oacute; th&#7875; l&#7853;p l&#7883;ch b&#7857;ng PowerShell script ho&#7863;c t&#7853;p tin batch &#273;&#7875; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n ki&#7875;m tra <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong>, t&#7841;o nh&#7853;t k&yacute; ho&#7863;c c&#7843;nh b&aacute;o khi c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t. <\/p><h2>B&#432;&#7899;c 3: C&agrave;i &#273;&#7863;t <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> tr&ecirc;n Linux<\/h2><p> V&#7899;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng Linux ch&#7841;y ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; kh&ocirc;ng giao di&#7879;n trong m&aacute;y ch&#7911;, quy tr&igrave;nh s&#7869; kh&aacute;c m&#7897;t ch&uacute;t. H&#7847;u h&#7871;t c&aacute;c b&#7843;n ph&acirc;n ph&#7889;i Linux kh&ocirc;ng c&agrave;i s&#7861;n smartmontools, v&agrave; ngay c&#7843; khi &#273;&atilde; c&agrave;i, d&#7883;ch v&#7909; <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> (`smartd`) c&oacute; th&#7875; ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&iacute;ch ho&#7841;t. <\/p><h3>C&agrave;i &#273;&#7863;t smartmontools:<\/h3><p>C&agrave;i smartmontools b&#7857;ng tr&igrave;nh qu&#7843;n l&yacute; g&oacute;i c&#7911;a b&#7843;n ph&acirc;n ph&#7889;i: <\/p><ul>\n<li>V&#7899;i Ubuntu\/Debian:<br>\n<code> sudo apt install smartmontools <\/code> <\/li>\n<li>V&#7899;i RedHat\/CentOS:<br>\n<code>sudo yum install smartmontools<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul><p>K&iacute;ch ho&#7841;t d&#7883;ch v&#7909; <strong>smartd<\/strong> &#273;&#7875; gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t li&ecirc;n t&#7909;c:<\/p><p><code> sudo systemctl enable smartd<br>\nsudo systemctl start smartd <\/code><br>\nCh&#7881;nh file c&#7845;u h&igrave;nh: <code> sudo nano \/etc\/smartd.conf <\/code><\/p><p>C&#7845;u h&igrave;nh m&#7851;u:<br>\n<code> DEVICESCAN -a -o on -S on -n standby,q -s (S\/\/.\/02|L\/\/6\/03) -W 4,35,40 -m root <\/code><\/p><p>Gi&#7843;i th&iacute;ch c&#7845;u h&igrave;nh:<\/p><ul>\n<li>DEVICESCAN: Qu&eacute;t t&#7845;t c&#7843; thi&#7871;t b&#7883;<\/li>\n<li>-a: Gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t t&#7845;t c&#7843; thu&#7897;c t&iacute;nh<\/li>\n<li>-o on: K&iacute;ch ho&#7841;t ki&#7875;m tra offline t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng<\/li>\n<li>-S on: T&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng l&#432;u thu&#7897;c t&iacute;nh<\/li>\n<li>-n standby,q: Kh&ocirc;ng ki&#7875;m tra n&#7871;u &#7893; &#273;&#297;a &#273;ang standby, v&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng hi&#7875;n th&#7883; c&#7843;nh b&aacute;o<\/li>\n<li>-s (S\/\/.\/02|L\/\/6\/03): L&ecirc;n l&#7883;ch ki&#7875;m tra ng&#7855;n h&agrave;ng ng&agrave;y l&uacute;c 2h s&aacute;ng v&agrave; ki&#7875;m tra d&agrave;i m&#7895;i th&#7913; 7 l&uacute;c 3h s&aacute;ng<\/li>\n<li>-W 4,35,40: Ng&#432;&#7905;ng nhi&#7879;t &#273;&#7897; (th&#7845;p, cao, nguy hi&#7875;m)<\/li>\n<li>-m root: G&#7917;i c&#7843;nh b&aacute;o email &#273;&#7871;n ng&#432;&#7901;i d&ugrave;ng root<\/li>\n<\/ul><p>Ki&#7875;m tra nhanh t&igrave;nh tr&#7841;ng &#7893; &#273;&#297;a:<\/p><p><code> sudo smartctl -A \/dev\/sda <\/code><br>\nL&#7879;nh n&agrave;y tr&#7843; v&#7873; danh s&aacute;ch c&aacute;c thu&#7897;c t&iacute;nh nh&#432; <strong>Current Pending Sector Count, CRC Error Count<\/strong> v&agrave; <strong>Temperature<\/strong>, cho c&aacute;i nh&igrave;n t&#7893;ng qu&aacute;t v&#7873; t&igrave;nh tr&#7841;ng &#7893; &#273;&#297;a.<\/p><p>&#272;&#7875; thu th&#7853;p to&agrave;n b&#7897; d&#7919; li&#7879;u <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong>:<\/p><p><code><br>\nsmartctl -h # Hi&#7875;n th&#7883; menu tr&#7907; gi&uacute;p<br>\nsmartctl --scan # Qu&eacute;t t&#7845;t c&#7843; &#7893; &#273;&#297;a<br>\nsmartctl -i \/dev\/sda # Hi&#7875;n th&#7883; th&ocirc;ng tin &#7893; &#273;&#297;a<br>\nsmartctl -H \/dev\/sda # Ki&#7875;m tra nhanh t&igrave;nh tr&#7841;ng<br>\nsmartctl -A \/dev\/sda # Hi&#7875;n th&#7883; t&#7845;t c&#7843; th&ocirc;ng tin v&#7873; &#7893; &#273;&#297;a <\/code><\/p><p>V&#7899;i RAID, n&#417;i b&#7897; &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7875;n c&oacute; th&#7875; &#7849;n th&ocirc;ng tin v&#7853;t l&yacute; c&#7911;a &#7893; &#273;&#297;a, l&#7879;nh <strong>&ndash;scan<\/strong> s&#7869; ch&#7881; ra &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng d&#7851;n &#273;&uacute;ng:<br>\n<code> smartctl --scan<br>\n\/dev\/bus\/6 -d megaraid,12 # &#7892; &#273;&#297;a 12 trong m&#7843;ng RAID, thi&#7871;t b&#7883; SCSI<br>\n\/dev\/bus\/6 -d megaraid,13 # &#7892; &#273;&#297;a 13 trong m&#7843;ng RAID, thi&#7871;t b&#7883; SCSI <\/code><br>\nKhi &#273;&atilde; bi&#7871;t &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng d&#7851;n &#7893; &#273;&#297;a, xem chi ti&#7871;t:<\/p><p><code> smartctl -A \/dev\/bus\/6 -d megaraid,12 <\/code> <\/p><h3>T&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng h&oacute;a tr&ecirc;n Linux<\/h3><p>B&#7841;n c&oacute; th&#7875; t&#7841;o cron job &#273;&#7875; t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng ki&#7875;m tra &#7893; &#273;&#297;a v&agrave; g&#7917;i email n&#7871;u ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n th&ocirc;ng s&#7889; &#273;&aacute;ng lo ng&#7841;i. <\/p><h2>B&#432;&#7899;c 4: Gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng RAID<\/h2><p>Gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t t&#7915;ng &#7893; &#273;&#297;a ri&ecirc;ng l&#7867; trong RAID l&agrave; m&#7897;t th&aacute;ch th&#7913;c, v&igrave; b&#7897; &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7875;n RAID th&#432;&#7901;ng che gi&#7845;u th&ocirc;ng tin &#7893; &#273;&#297;a kh&#7887;i h&#7879; &#273;i&#7873;u h&agrave;nh. Tuy nhi&ecirc;n, v&#7851;n c&oacute; c&aacute;ch gi&#7843;i quy&#7871;t tr&ecirc;n c&#7843; Windows v&agrave; Linux. <\/p><h3>V&#7899;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng RAID tr&ecirc;n Windows<\/h3><p><strong>MegaRAID Storage Manager<\/strong> l&agrave; c&ocirc;ng c&#7909; c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t &#273;&#7875; gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng RAID ph&#7847;n c&#7913;ng. N&oacute; cho ph&eacute;p b&#7841;n xem t&igrave;nh tr&#7841;ng t&#7915;ng &#7893; &#273;&#297;a, &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o kh&ocirc;ng b&#7887; s&oacute;t &#7893; n&agrave;o &#273;ang c&oacute; nguy c&#417; h&#7887;ng. <\/p><ul>\n<li>M&#7903; MegaRAID Storage Manager, &#273;&#259;ng nh&#7853;p b&#7857;ng IP, ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n m&aacute;y ch&#7911;, ch&#7885;n server, nh&#7853;p username v&agrave; password &#273;&#7875; c&oacute; to&agrave;n quy&#7873;n.\n<p class=\"text-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/ywAAAAAAQABAAACAUwAOw==\" alt=\"MegaRAID Storage Manager\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/megaraid-storage-manager.png\" class=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>&#272;i &#273;&#7871;n tab &ldquo;Logical&rdquo; &#273;&#7875; xem v&agrave; ch&#7885;n &#7893; &#273;&#297;a, ki&#7875;m tra c&aacute;c th&ocirc;ng tin nh&#432; Product ID, Vendor ID v&agrave; c&aacute;c ch&#7881; s&#7889; <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#432; Media Error Count v&agrave; Pred Fail Count.\n<p class=\"text-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/ywAAAAAAQABAAACAUwAOw==\" alt=\"MegaRAID Storage Manager2\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/megaraid-storage-manager2.png\" class=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul><h3>V&#7899;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng RAID tr&ecirc;n Linux<\/h3><p> &#272;&#7875; qu&#7843;n l&yacute; v&agrave; l&#7845;y th&ocirc;ng tin <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> t&#7915; RAID, d&ugrave;ng `storcli`:<br>\n<code>sudo storcli \/c0\/e32\/s0 show<\/code><\/p><p>L&#7879;nh n&agrave;y cho ph&eacute;p b&#7841;n l&#7845;y c&aacute;c ch&#7881; s&#7889; <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; &#7893; &#273;&#297;a &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p, gi&uacute;p theo d&otilde;i s&#7921; c&#7889; ngay c&#7843; trong RAID ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p.<\/p><h2>B&#432;&#7899;c 5: C&aacute;c ch&#7881; s&#7889; <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> c&#7847;n ch&uacute; &yacute;<\/h2><p>Kh&ocirc;ng ph&#7843;i t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&aacute;c thu&#7897;c t&iacute;nh <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> &#273;&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#432; nhau. D&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&acirc;y l&agrave; nh&#7919;ng ch&#7881; s&#7889; c&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t quan t&acirc;m: <\/p><ul>\n<li><strong>Reallocated Sector Count:<\/strong> S&#7889; sector b&#7883; chuy&#7875;n v&ugrave;ng t&#259;ng l&ecirc;n l&agrave; d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u &#7893; &#273;&#297;a &#273;ang remap c&aacute;c sector l&#7895;i &ndash; d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u h&#7887;ng h&oacute;c s&#7899;m. <\/li>\n<li><strong>Temperature:<\/strong> Nhi&#7879;t &#273;&#7897; cao c&oacute; th&#7875; g&acirc;y h&#7887;ng &#7893; &#273;&#297;a s&#7899;m. &#272;&#7843;m b&#7843;o &#7893; &#273;&#297;a ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng trong ph&#7841;m vi an to&agrave;n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Power-On Hours:<\/strong> Cho bi&#7871;t &#7893; &#273;&#297;a &#273;&atilde; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng bao l&acirc;u, t&#7915; &#273;&oacute; &#432;&#7899;c l&#432;&#7907;ng tu&#7893;i th&#7885;.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Command Timeout &amp; CRC Errors:<\/strong> C&oacute; th&#7875; l&agrave; d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u l&#7895;i ph&#7847;n c&#7913;ng ho&#7863;c nhi&#7877;u t&iacute;n hi&#7879;u trong k&#7871;t n&#7889;i gi&#7919;a &#7893; &#273;&#297;a v&agrave; b&#7897; &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7875;n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V&#7899;i thi&#7871;t b&#7883; l&#432;u tr&#7919;:<\/strong> Theo d&otilde;i ch&#7881; s&#7889; Media Wearout Indicator &#273;&#7875; bi&#7871;t &#7893; &#273;&#297;a c&ograve;n bao nhi&ecirc;u chu k&#7923; &#273;&#7885;c\/ghi tr&#432;&#7899;c khi h&#7871;t tu&#7893;i th&#7885;.<\/li>\n<\/ul><h3>D&ugrave;ng hdparm cho SSD:<\/h3><p><code> sudo hdparm --security-erase 12345 \/dev\/sdX <\/code><br>\nB&#7841;n c&#361;ng c&oacute; th&#7875; d&ugrave;ng l&#7879;nh dd &#273;&#7875; ghi &#273;&egrave; d&#7919; li&#7879;u:<\/p><p><code> sudo dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/dev\/sdX bs=4096 status=progress <\/code><br>\nQu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh n&agrave;y &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o x&oacute;a s&#7841;ch d&#7919; li&#7879;u ri&ecirc;ng t&#432;, chu&#7849;n b&#7883; &#7893; &#273;&#297;a &#273;&#7875; t&aacute;i s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ho&#7863;c ti&ecirc;u h&#7911;y.<\/p><h2>K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n: Gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t ch&#7911; &#273;&#7897;ng s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e thi&#7871;t b&#7883; l&#432;u tr&#7919;<\/h2><p>Gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> l&agrave; c&ocirc;ng c&#7909; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e v&agrave; &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y l&acirc;u d&agrave;i c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng l&#432;u tr&#7919;. B&#7857;ng c&aacute;ch ki&#7875;m tra &#273;&#7883;nh k&#7923; c&aacute;c ch&#7881; s&#7889; quan tr&#7885;ng, t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng h&oacute;a ki&#7875;m tra, v&agrave; hi&#7875;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&aacute;c d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u c&#7843;nh b&aacute;o, b&#7841;n c&oacute; th&#7875; tr&aacute;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7921; c&#7889; b&#7845;t ng&#7901; v&agrave; k&eacute;o d&agrave;i tu&#7893;i th&#7885; ph&#7847;n c&#7913;ng.<\/p><p>Trong c&aacute;c m&ocirc;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng m&aacute;y ch&#7911; &#273;&ograve;i h&#7887;i &#273;&#7897; s&#7861;n s&agrave;ng cao v&agrave; to&agrave;n v&#7865;n d&#7919; li&#7879;u, gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> gi&uacute;p b&#7841;n lu&ocirc;n &#273;i tr&#432;&#7899;c m&#7897;t b&#432;&#7899;c trong vi&#7879;c x&#7917; l&yacute; l&#7895;i ph&#7847;n c&#7913;ng. D&ugrave; b&#7841;n &#273;ang d&ugrave;ng Windows hay Linux, ho&#7863;c &#273;ang qu&#7843;n l&yacute; RAID ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p, h&#432;&#7899;ng d&#7851;n n&agrave;y cung c&#7845;p &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; c&aacute;c b&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#7875; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n lu&ocirc;n ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh v&agrave; an to&agrave;n.<\/p><p>B&#7841;n &#273;&atilde; s&#7861;n s&agrave;ng tri&#7875;n khai gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t <strong>S.M.A.R.T.<\/strong> cho m&aacute;y ch&#7911; c&#7911;a m&igrave;nh ch&#432;a? V&#7899;i c&ocirc;ng c&#7909; v&agrave; t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng h&oacute;a ph&ugrave; h&#7907;p, b&#7841;n s&#7869; &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o h&#7879; th&#7889;ng lu&ocirc;n tin c&#7853;y v&agrave; an to&agrave;n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":33711,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"template-post-detail.php","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[45],"tags":[],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33708"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33708"}],"version-history":[{"count":33,"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33708\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36233,"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33708\/revisions\/36233"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33711"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33708"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33708"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33708"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}