{"id":23067,"date":"2022-04-21T12:16:03","date_gmt":"2022-04-21T09:16:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/web-dev.iptp.net\/?p=23067"},"modified":"2026-03-18T06:07:06","modified_gmt":"2026-03-18T03:07:06","slug":"what-is-ip-transit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/blog\/what-is-ip-transit\/","title":{"rendered":"Chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u - IP Transit l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>B&#7841;n &#273;&atilde; bao gi&#7901; t&ograve; m&ograve; m&#7841;ng Internet ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng nh&#432; th&#7871; n&agrave;o?<\/p><p>Trong b&agrave;i vi&#7871;t n&agrave;y, IPTP Networks s&#7869; ti&#7871;t l&#7897; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng b&iacute; m&#7853;t l&agrave;m n&ecirc;n ph&eacute;p m&agrave;u c&#7911;a m&#7841;ng Internet &ndash; &#272;&oacute; ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; IP Transit.<\/p><h2>Nguy&ecirc;n l&yacute; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a m&#7841;ng Internet<\/h2><p>M&#7841;ng (network) &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7841;o th&agrave;nh t&#7915; m&#7897;t c&#7909;m c&aacute;c thi&#7871;t b&#7883; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#7871;t n&#7889;i v&agrave; c&oacute; th&#7875; giao ti&#7871;p v&#7899;i nhau. Kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; m&#7897;t m&#7841;ng network n&agrave;o &#273;&#7911; l&#7899;n &#273;&#7875; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i v&#7899;i m&#7885;i thi&#7871;t b&#7883; tr&ecirc;n Tr&aacute;i &#272;&#7845;t ngo&agrave;i m&#7841;ng Internet &ndash; m&#7897;t chu&#7895;i nhi&#7873;u m&#7841;ng k&#7871;t h&#7907;p v&#7899;i nhau.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_23074\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23074\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"lazy size-full wp-image-23074\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD\/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/internet-is-a-series-of-interconnect-networks.jpg\" alt=\"IP Transit\" width=\"800\" height=\"480\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-23074 lazy\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/ywAAAAAAQABAAACAUwAOw==\" alt=\"IP Transit\" width=\"800\" height=\"480\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/internet-is-a-series-of-interconnect-networks.jpg\"><\/noscript><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23074\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">IP Transit<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Th&ocirc;ng tin khi &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7917;i ho&#7863;c nh&#7853;n tr&ecirc;n n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng m&#7841;ng Internet s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chia th&agrave;nh c&aacute;c g&oacute;i d&#7919; li&#7879;u nh&#7887; v&agrave; di chuy&#7875;n qua m&#7897;t ho&#7863;c nhi&#7873;u m&#7841;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#7871;t n&#7889;i v&#7899;i nhau, r&#7891;i t&#7853;p h&#7907;p l&#7841;i t&#7841;i &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#7871;n cu&#7889;i c&ugrave;ng.<\/p><p>Khi c&aacute;c m&#7841;ng &#273;&#7891;ng &yacute; trao &#273;&#7893;i l&#432;u l&#432;&#7907;ng (traffic), c&aacute;c g&oacute;i d&#7919; li&#7879;u c&oacute; th&#7875; chuy&#7875;n t&#7915; &#273;i&#7875;m A &#273;&#7871;n &#273;i&#7875;m B tr&ecirc;n Internet qua m&#7897;t ph&#432;&#417;ng th&#7913;c k&#7871;t n&#7889;i. M&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng th&#7913;c k&#7871;t n&#7889;i chuy&#7875;n ti&#7871;p d&#7919; li&#7879;u ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n nh&#7845;t l&agrave; IP Transit.<\/p><h2>IP Transit l&agrave; g&igrave;?<\/h2><h3>Gi&#7843;i ngh&#297;a IP Transit<\/h3><p>C&aacute;c g&oacute;i d&#7919; li&#7879;u ph&#7843;i &#273;i qua, ho&#7863;c theo thu&#7853;t ng&#7919; m&#7841;ng &ndash; chuy&#7875;n ti&#7871;p (transit), qua m&#7897;t lo&#7841;t m&#7841;ng network c&#7911;a b&ecirc;n th&#7913; ba tr&#432;&#7899;c khi &#273;&#7871;n v&#7883; tr&iacute; &#273;&iacute;ch.<\/p><p><b>IP Transit<\/b> l&agrave; d&#7883;ch v&#7909; m&agrave; Nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p d&#7883;ch v&#7909; Internet (Internet Service Provider &ndash; ISP) cho ph&eacute;p l&#432;u l&#432;&#7907;ng truy c&#7853;p qua m&#7841;ng c&#7911;a h&#7885; &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7871;n ph&#7847;n c&ograve;n l&#7841;i c&#7911;a Internet. IP Transit s&#7917; d&#7909;ng giao th&#7913;c BGP &#273;&#7875; cung c&#7845;p quy&#7873;n truy c&#7853;p m&#7841;ng cho to&agrave;n b&#7897; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng Internet. N&oacute;i c&aacute;ch kh&aacute;c, kh&aacute;ch h&agrave;ng s&#7917; d&#7909;ng d&#7883;ch v&#7909; IP Transit ph&#7843;i tr&#7843; ti&#7873;n cho Nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p d&#7883;ch v&#7909; &#273;&#7875; c&oacute; quy&#7873;n truy c&#7853;p v&agrave;o b&#7843;ng &#273;&#7883;nh tuy&#7871;n Internet BGP m&#7903; r&#7897;ng c&#7911;a nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_23074\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23074\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"lazy size-full wp-image-23074\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD\/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/ip-transit.jpg\" alt=\"IP Transit chuy&#7875;n ti&#7871;p l&#432;u l&#432;&#7907;ng d&#7919; li&#7879;u qua m&#7897;t ho&#7863;c nhi&#7873;u m&#7841;ng c&#7911;a ISP &#273;&#7875; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i Internet\" width=\"800\" height=\"253\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/ip-transit.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/ip-transit-300x95.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/ip-transit-768x243.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-23074 lazy\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/ywAAAAAAQABAAACAUwAOw==\" alt=\"IP Transit chuy&#7875;n ti&#7871;p l&#432;u l&#432;&#7907;ng d&#7919; li&#7879;u qua m&#7897;t ho&#7863;c nhi&#7873;u m&#7841;ng c&#7911;a ISP &#273;&#7875; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i Internet\" width=\"800\" height=\"253\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/ip-transit.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/ip-transit-300x95.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/ip-transit-768x243.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/ip-transit.jpg\"><\/noscript><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23074\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">IP Transit cho ph&eacute;p ng&#432;&#7901;i d&ugrave;ng &ldquo;transit&rdquo; qua m&#7841;ng c&#7911;a Nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p &#273;&#7875; truy c&#7853;p to&agrave;n b&#7897; m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i Internet.<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>IP Transit kh&#7843; d&#7909;ng cho nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7903; h&#7919;u m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#7921; tr&#7883; (AS) v&agrave; c&oacute; th&#7875; thi&#7871;t l&#7853;p &#273;&#7883;nh tuy&#7871;n b&#7857;ng Giao th&#7913;c BGP.<\/p><h3>H&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#7921; tr&#7883; AS &amp; S&#7889; hi&#7879;u m&#7841;ng ASN<\/h3><p><strong>H&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#7921; tr&#7883; AS (Autonomous System)<\/strong> &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho m&#7897;t ISP ho&#7863;c m&#7897;t t&#7893; ch&#7913;c l&#7899;n c&oacute; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p &#273;&#7871;n c&aacute;c m&#7841;ng kh&aacute;c. M&#7895;i AS c&oacute; m&#7897;t S&#7889; hi&#7879;u m&#7841;ng ASN (Autonomous System Number) &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#259;ng k&yacute; l&agrave;m m&atilde; &#273;&#7883;nh danh duy nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7875; giao ti&#7871;p v&#7899;i c&aacute;c AS kh&aacute;c.<\/p><p>V&iacute; d&#7909;: IPTP Networks l&agrave; AS v&#7899;i ASN 41095 &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng &#273;&#7875; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i v&#7899;i kh&aacute;ch h&agrave;ng v&agrave; c&aacute;c AS kh&aacute;c tr&ecirc;n to&agrave;n c&#7847;u.<\/p><p>Ch&#7881; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#7853;n h&agrave;nh AS, hay n&oacute;i c&aacute;ch kh&aacute;c, s&#7903; h&#7919;u ASN c&#7911;a ri&ecirc;ng h&#7885;, m&#7899;i c&oacute; th&#7875; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng d&#7883;ch v&#7909; IP Transit.<\/p><h3>Giao th&#7913;c BGP<\/h3><p>IP Transit ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng d&#7921;a tr&ecirc;n <strong>Giao th&#7913;c BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)<\/strong>. BGP &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&aacute;c AS s&#7917; d&#7909;ng &#273;&#7875; t&#432;&#417;ng t&aacute;c v&#7899;i nhau v&agrave; cho ph&eacute;p qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh IP Transit di&#7877;n ra th&ocirc;ng qua c&aacute;c th&ocirc;ng tin &#273;&#7883;nh tuy&#7871;n.<\/p><p>C&aacute;c AS t&#7841;o k&#7871;t n&#7889;i v&agrave; trao &#273;&#7893;i l&#432;u l&#432;&#7907;ng nh&#7901; v&agrave;o giao th&#7913;c BGP th&ocirc;ng b&aacute;o th&ocirc;ng tin c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t, bao g&#7891;m danh s&aacute;ch c&aacute;c &#273;&#7883;a ch&#7881; IP &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ki&#7875;m so&aacute;t b&#7903;i AS g&#7917;i v&agrave; AS nh&#7853;n. Ph&#432;&#417;ng th&#7913;c BGP &#273;&oacute;ng vai tr&ograve; x&aacute;c &#273;&#7883;nh v&agrave; &#273;&#7883;nh h&#432;&#7899;ng &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng truy&#7873;n t&#7889;i &#432;u nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7875; chuy&#7875;n ti&#7871;p g&oacute;i d&#7919; li&#7879;u &#273;&#7871;n &#273;&iacute;ch.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_23075\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23075\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"lazy size-full wp-image-23075\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD\/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/bgp-export-full-bgp-table.jpg\" alt=\"IP Transit cho ph&eacute;p kh&aacute;ch h&agrave;ng truy c&#7853;p Internet th&ocirc;ng qua Giao th&#7913;c Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)\" width=\"800\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/bgp-export-full-bgp-table.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/bgp-export-full-bgp-table-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/bgp-export-full-bgp-table-768x461.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-23075 lazy\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/ywAAAAAAQABAAACAUwAOw==\" alt=\"IP Transit cho ph&eacute;p kh&aacute;ch h&agrave;ng truy c&#7853;p Internet th&ocirc;ng qua Giao th&#7913;c Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)\" width=\"800\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/bgp-export-full-bgp-table.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/bgp-export-full-bgp-table-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/bgp-export-full-bgp-table-768x461.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/bgp-export-full-bgp-table.jpg\"><\/noscript><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23075\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">IP Transit l&agrave; d&#7883;ch v&#7909; d&#7921;a tr&ecirc;n BGP &#273;&#7875; cung c&#7845;p b&#7843;ng BGP Internet &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>N&#7871;u kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; ASN v&agrave; BGP, vi&#7879;c trao &#273;&#7893;i l&#432;u l&#432;&#7907;ng truy c&#7853;p internet qua m&#7841;ng internet quy m&ocirc; l&#7899;n l&agrave; b&#7845;t kh&#7843; thi.<\/p><h3>Ph&acirc;n c&#7845;p Nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p d&#7883;ch v&#7909; IP Transit<\/h3><p>C&aacute;c <strong>Nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p d&#7883;ch v&#7909; IP Transit<\/strong> &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&acirc;n th&agrave;nh ba c&#7845;p d&#7921;a tr&ecirc;n kh&#7843; n&#259;ng v&agrave; quy m&ocirc; c&#7911;a m&#7841;ng:<\/p><ul>\n<li><strong>Nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p IP Transit C&#7845;p 1 &ndash; ISP Tier 1<\/strong> &ndash; l&agrave; tr&#7909; c&#7897;t c&#7911;a m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i Internet to&agrave;n c&#7847;u. ISP Tier 1 kh&ocirc;ng tr&#7843; ph&iacute; chuy&#7875;n tuy&#7871;n, m&agrave; ch&#7881; cung c&#7845;p k&#7871;t n&#7889;i ngang h&agrave;ng peering (k&#7871;t n&#7889;i v&agrave; trao &#273;&#7893;i d&#7919; li&#7879;u v&#7899;i &#273;&#7889;i t&aacute;c ngang h&agrave;ng) v&#7899;i c&aacute;c ISP C&#7845;p 1 kh&aacute;c. C&aacute;c nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p IP Transit C&#7845;p 1 k&#7871;t n&#7889;i v&agrave; t&iacute;nh ph&iacute; &ldquo;transit&rdquo; v&#7899;i c&aacute;c ISP C&#7845;p 2 v&agrave; C&#7845;p 3 (c&#7845;p th&#7845;p h&#417;n) &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng d&#7883;ch v&#7909; n&agrave;y.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p IP Transit C&#7845;p 2 &ndash; ISP Tier 2<\/strong> &ndash; c&oacute; m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i r&#7897;ng kh&#7855;p ch&acirc;u l&#7909;c. C&aacute;c Nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p C&#7845;p 2 k&#7871;t n&#7889;i peering v&#7899;i nhau &#273;&#7875; gi&#7843;m thi&#7875;u chi ph&iacute; chuy&#7875;n ti&#7871;p d&#7919; li&#7879;u, nh&#432;ng h&#7885; v&#7851;n ph&#7843;i mua IP Transit t&#7915; c&aacute;c ISP C&#7845;p 1 &#273;&#7875; ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n ph&#7847;n c&ograve;n l&#7841;i ( l&#7899;n h&#417;n) c&#7911;a Internet.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p IP Transit C&#7845;p 3 &ndash; ISP Tier 3<\/strong> &ndash; c&oacute; m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i bao ph&#7911; quy m&ocirc; n&#7897;i &#273;&#7883;a. ISP C&#7845;p 3 s&#7869; &#432;u ti&ecirc;n mua d&#7883;ch v&#7909; chuy&#7875;n ti&#7871;p l&#432;u l&#432;&#7907;ng (IP Transit) t&#7915; c&aacute;c Nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p C&#7845;p 2 &#273;&#7875; gi&#7843;m t&#7843;i chi ph&iacute; so v&#7899;i vi&#7879;c ph&#7843;i mua t&#7915; ISP C&#7845;p 1. C&aacute;c Nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p C&#7845;p 3 th&#432;&#7901;ng kh&ocirc;ng cung c&#7845;p d&#7883;ch v&#7909; IP Transit, v&agrave; th&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7881; quan t&acirc;m &#273;&#7871;n kh&aacute;ch h&agrave;ng l&agrave; doanh nghi&#7879;p v&agrave; ng&#432;&#7901;i d&ugrave;ng n&#7897;i &#273;&#7883;a v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng d&#7883;ch v&#7909; kh&aacute;c.<\/li>\n<\/ul><p>H&#7879; th&#7889;ng ph&acirc;n c&#7845;p ISP ph&acirc;n lo&#7841;i nh&#7919;ng Nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p c&oacute; C&#7845;p cao h&#417;n l&agrave; Upstream (th&#432;&#7907;ng ngu&#7891;n) v&agrave; nh&#7919;ng Nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p c&oacute; C&#7845;p th&#7845;p h&#417;n l&agrave; Downstream (h&#7841; l&#432;u). V&iacute; d&#7909;: khi l&#432;u l&#432;&#7907;ng chuy&#7875;n t&#7915; C&#7845;p 3 sang C&#7845;p 2, l&#432;u l&#432;&#7907;ng d&#7919; li&#7879;u &#273;ang di chuy&#7875;n upstream. Trong tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p n&agrave;y, ISP c&oacute; C&#7845;p th&#7845;p h&#417;n (Tier-3) l&agrave; Nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p downstream mua d&#7883;ch v&#7909; IP Transit t&#7915; ISP c&#7845;p 2 &ndash; Nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p upstream. C&aacute;c ISP c&oacute; C&#7845;p t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921;, ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; ISP C&#7845;p 1 v&agrave; C&#7845;p 1, l&agrave; c&aacute;c &#273;&#7889;i t&aacute;c ngang h&agrave;ng (peering).<\/p><h2>Nguy&ecirc;n l&yacute; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a IP Transit<\/h2><p>IP Transit k&#7871;t n&#7889;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng m&#7841;ng c&#7911;a kh&aacute;ch h&agrave;ng v&#7899;i m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i Internet v&agrave; cung c&#7845;p m&#7897;t &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng truy&#7873;n &#273;&#7875; truy&#7873;n l&#432;u l&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#7871;n &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&iacute;ch. Kh&aacute;ch h&agrave;ng tr&#7843; ph&iacute; transit &#273;&#7875; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i v&#7899;i m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#7871;n &ndash; th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7885;i l&agrave; &#272;i&#7875;m hi&#7879;n di&#7879;n POP (Point of Presence) &ndash; c&#7911;a Nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p d&#7883;ch v&#7909;. Sau &#273;&oacute;, Nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p s&#7869; &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o kh&aacute;ch h&agrave;ng c&oacute; th&#7875; truy c&#7853;p v&agrave;o b&#7845;t k&#7923; server n&agrave;o tr&ecirc;n h&#7879; th&#7889;ng Internet c&#361;ng nh&#432; t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&aacute;c server hi&#7879;n c&oacute; tr&ecirc;n Internet th&#7875; truy c&#7853;p v&agrave;o server c&#7911;a ch&iacute;nh kh&aacute;ch h&agrave;ng &#273;&oacute;.<\/p><p>D&#7883;ch v&#7909; chuy&#7875;n tuy&#7871;n d&#7919; li&#7879;u IP Transit th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&iacute;nh gi&aacute; v&#7899;i &#273;&#417;n v&#7883; megabit tr&ecirc;n gi&acirc;y (Mbps). IP Transit th&#432;&#7901;ng c&#361;ng bao g&#7891;m Th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n m&#7913;c d&#7883;ch v&#7909; SLA (Service Level Agreement). SLA quy &#273;&#7883;nh ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng d&#7883;ch v&#7909; v&agrave; c&aacute;c &#273;i&#7873;u kho&#7843;n b&#7891;i ho&agrave;n trong tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p kh&aacute;ch h&agrave;ng kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; truy c&#7853;p Internet trong m&#7897;t kho&#7843;ng th&#7901;i gian d&agrave;i.<\/p><p>T&ugrave;y thu&#7897;c v&agrave;o quy m&ocirc; v&agrave; c&#7845;p m&#7841;ng, nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p s&#7869; c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i tr&#7843; ti&#7873;n cho m&#7897;t ho&#7863;c nhi&#7873;u nh&agrave; m&#7841;ng l&#7899;n h&#417;n &#273;&#7875; chuy&#7875;n ti&#7871;p l&#432;u l&#432;&#7907;ng truy c&#7853;p c&#7911;a kh&aacute;ch h&agrave;ng &#273;&#7871;n &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#7871;n mong mu&#7889;n th&ocirc;ng qua IP Transit upstream c&#7911;a nh&agrave; cung c&#7845;p.<\/p><h2>N&ecirc;n ch&#7885;n gi&#7919;a IP Transit, IX Transit, MPLS hay DIA?<\/h2><p>Ngo&agrave;i IP Transit, c&oacute; ba d&#7883;ch v&#7909; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i kh&aacute;c c&#361;ng cung c&#7845;p kh&#7843; n&#259;ng truy c&#7853;p Internet v&agrave; chuy&#7875;n l&#432;u l&#432;&#7907;ng d&#7919; li&#7879;u l&agrave; IX transit, MPLS v&agrave; DIA.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_23076\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23076\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"lazy size-full wp-image-23076\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD\/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/ip-transit-vs-dia-vs-ix-transit.jpg\" alt=\"C&aacute;c lo&#7841;i d&#7883;ch v&#7909; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i g&#7891;m IP Transit, Peering v&agrave; DIA\" width=\"800\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/ip-transit-vs-dia-vs-ix-transit.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/ip-transit-vs-dia-vs-ix-transit-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/ip-transit-vs-dia-vs-ix-transit-768x461.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-23076 lazy\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/ywAAAAAAQABAAACAUwAOw==\" alt=\"C&aacute;c lo&#7841;i d&#7883;ch v&#7909; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i g&#7891;m IP Transit, Peering v&agrave; DIA\" width=\"800\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/ip-transit-vs-dia-vs-ix-transit.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/ip-transit-vs-dia-vs-ix-transit-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/ip-transit-vs-dia-vs-ix-transit-768x461.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/ip-transit-vs-dia-vs-ix-transit.jpg\"><\/noscript><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23076\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ba d&#7883;ch v&#7909; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i Internet ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n nh&#7845;t l&agrave; IP Transit, IX Transit (Peering qua S&agrave;n trao &#273;&#7893;i Internet &ndash; Internet Exchange Point IXP), MPLS v&agrave; DIA (Truy c&#7853;p Internet Tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p)<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>IX Transit l&agrave; m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i d&#7883;ch v&#7909; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i peering c&ocirc;ng khai (public peering) th&ocirc;ng qua &#272;i&#7875;m trao &#273;&#7893;i Internet IXP (Internet Exchange Point). IXP &#273;&oacute;ng vai tr&ograve; nh&#432; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m k&#7871;t n&#7889;i &#273;&#7875; c&aacute;c m&#7841;ng c&#7911;a c&aacute;c &#273;&#417;n v&#7883; ISP c&oacute; th&#7875; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i v&agrave; trao &#273;&#7893;i l&#432;u l&#432;&#7907;ng Internet. IX Transit c&oacute; th&#7875; xem nh&#432; l&agrave; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n c&#7911;a IP Transit, chuy&#7875;n ti&#7871;p l&#432;u l&#432;&#7907;ng qua c&aacute;c m&#7841;ng peering v&agrave; c&aacute;c ISP downstream &#273;&#7875; t&#7889;i &#432;u &#273;&#7897; tr&#7877;.<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/blog\/what-is-mpls-multiprotocol-label-switching\/\">MPLS (Chuy&#7875;n m&#7841;ch nh&atilde;n &#273;a giao th&#7913;c)<\/a> l&agrave; m&#7897;t d&#7883;ch v&#7909; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i l&#7899;p 2 chuy&ecirc;n d&#7909;ng. L2 MPLS cung c&#7845;p c&aacute;c &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng d&#7851;n ri&ecirc;ng &#273;&#7875; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i c&aacute;c chi nh&aacute;nh to&agrave;n c&#7847;u. MPLS t&#259;ng hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; m&#7841;ng, cung c&#7845;p QoS (Ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng d&#7883;ch v&#7909;) v&agrave; CoS (Lo&#7841;i d&#7883;ch v&#7909;), mang &#273;&#7871;n t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; truy&#7873;n t&#7843;i v&agrave; &#273;&#7897; b&#7843;o m&#7853;t cao. V&#7853;y n&ecirc;n, gi&aacute; c&#7911;a MPLS s&#7869; &#273;&#7855;t h&#417;n IP Transit.<\/p><p>DIA &ndash; vi&#7871;t t&#7855;t c&#7911;a Direct Internet Access &ndash; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; IP Transit. DIA l&agrave; d&#7883;ch v&#7909; internet ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n nh&#7845;t d&agrave;nh cho nh&#7919;ng doanh nghi&#7879;p kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; ASN. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/blog\/comparing-ip-transit-and-dia\/\"> So s&aacute;nh gi&#7919;a DIA v&#7899;i IP Transit<\/a>, DIA c&oacute; gi&aacute; c&#7843; ph&ugrave; h&#7907;p h&#417;n, song, th&#7901;i gian ng&#7915;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng v&agrave; ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#361;ng s&#7869; kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o.<\/p><p>Khi ph&acirc;n v&acirc;n gi&#7919;a IP Transit, IX Transit, L2 MPLS hay DIA, doanh nghi&#7879;p n&ecirc;n c&acirc;n nh&#7855;c ng&acirc;n s&aacute;ch, s&#7889; l&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#7893;i t&aacute;c peer, c&#361;ng nh&#432; &ldquo;kh&#7849;u v&#7883;&rdquo; &#273;&#7897; tr&#7877; (latency) c&#7911;a doanh nghi&#7879;p m&igrave;nh.<\/p><p>N&#7871;u doanh nghi&#7879;p b&#7841;n kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; ASN v&agrave; ch&#7881; t&igrave;m ki&#7871;m m&#7897;t d&#7883;ch v&#7909; Internet &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n v&#7899;i m&#7913;c gi&aacute; r&#7867;, DIA s&#7869; l&agrave; l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n l&yacute; t&#432;&#7903;ng. IX Transit ph&ugrave; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i c&aacute;c doanh nghi&#7879;p s&#7917; d&#7909;ng c&aacute;c &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m v&#7899;i &#273;&#7897; tr&#7877; v&agrave; &#432;u ti&ecirc;n t&#7921; &#273;&#7883;nh tuy&#7871;n l&#432;u l&#432;&#7907;ng v&agrave; t&#7889;i &#432;u h&oacute;a m&#7841;ng c&#7911;a ch&iacute;nh doanh nghi&#7879;p m&igrave;nh v&#7899;i ph&#7841;m vi ng&acirc;n s&aacute;ch h&#7841;n ch&#7871;. C&aacute;c c&ocirc;ng ty l&#7899;n c&oacute; nhi&#7873;u v&#259;n ph&ograve;ng tr&ecirc;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i, v&#7899;i ng&acirc;n s&aacute;ch r&#7897;ng r&atilde;i, y&ecirc;u c&#7847;u m&#7841;ng ri&ecirc;ng, chuy&ecirc;n d&#7909;ng v&agrave; an to&agrave;n s&#7869; h&agrave;i l&ograve;ng v&#7899;i k&#7871;t n&#7889;i MPLS.<\/p><p>&#272;&#7875; doanh nghi&#7879;p c&#7911;a b&#7841;n c&oacute; th&#7875; ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n v&agrave; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i v&#7899;i b&#7845;t k&#7923; doanh nghi&#7879;p n&agrave;o &#7903; b&#7845;t k&#7923; &#273;&acirc;u tr&ecirc;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i, IP Transit l&agrave; l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n t&#7889;i th&#432;&#7907;ng, b&#7845;t k&#7875; m&#7885;i ph&#432;&#417;ng th&#7913;c truy c&#7853;p Internet.<\/p><h2>D&#7883;ch v&#7909; IP Transit cung c&#7845;p b&#7903;i IPTP Networks<\/h2><p>&#272;&#7897;i ng&#361; chuy&ecirc;n gia c&#7911;a IPTP Networks s&#7861;n s&agrave;ng h&#7895; tr&#7907; v&#7899;i t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&aacute;c nhu c&#7847;u v&#7873; m&#7841;ng c&#7911;a qu&yacute; &#273;&#7889;i t&aacute;c v&agrave; kh&aacute;ch h&agrave;ng. Li&ecirc;n h&#7879; Live Assistant ho&#7863;c g&#7917;i email qua &#273;&#7883;a ch&#7881; <span class=\"sp-user\">sales<\/span><span class=\"sp-domain\">iptp.net<\/span> &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#432; v&#7845;n k&#7883;p th&#7901;i v&#7873; d&#7883;ch v&#7909; IP Transit ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":29306,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"template-post-detail.php","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[45],"tags":[],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23067"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23067"}],"version-history":[{"count":106,"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23067\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39181,"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23067\/revisions\/39181"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29306"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23067"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23067"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iptp.us\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23067"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}